Newest BA logo
Knowledge is Power

in this issue

The Guides Newsletter –

Important Clinical Concepts from Past Issues

Brigham & Associates Wants Your Opinion

Efficiencies in Performing Outstanding IME Evaluations

Technology Solutions Workshop
A Four Part Series

AMA Guides 101 is Back

Equipment Necessary for Impairment Examinations

Chapter Highlights of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition

Psyche Webinar Series Slated for May

Do You Have a Burning Impairment Rating Question?


 

The Guides Newsletter –

Important Clinical Concepts from Past Issues

Guides Newsletter

How to rate for Psychiatric Impairment– Non-California Cases

by Craig M. Uejo MD, MPH

This is the ninth in a series of articles written to assist evaluators in their use and interpretation of The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition (Cocchiarella L, Anderson G, AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition, AMA Press, 2001). It will be used to help summarize key points of clarification documented in past issues of The Guides Newsletter. References to specific issues will be provided to allow anyone the opportunity to review the entire issue/article for assistance in understanding and accuracy of reporting.

This particular article will discuss the issues of rating psychiatric impairment. This issue was discussed in the May/June 2002 edition of The Guides Newsletter – Questions and Answers section written by Dr. Leon Ensalada.

Psychiatric Impairment – Non- California Chapter 14, Mental and Behavioral Disorders of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition does not apply a numerical rating for Psychiatric Impairment. The difficulty quoted by Dr. Ensalada is that it is “impossible to defend a specific numeric impairment value for mental disorder and using impairment percents to make direct financial awards or direct estimates of disabilities is contrary to the intent of the Guides.” Many jurisdictions require a numeric impairment percentage so the following can serve as a guide to rating.

In assessing impairment, first make sure the patient is at maximum medical improvement. If the administrative system requires a percentage, you have two options. The Fourth Edition Table, Classification of Impairments Due to Mental and Behavioral Disorders (4th ed, 301), does not contain percentages, but the text (4th ed, 301) does contain the percentages that were originally published in the Second Edition. The evaluator can determine a class of impairment, and then select a percentage from the range listed in the text. (These percentages are not listed in the Fifth Edition.) The other option is to state, If this mental disorder had been caused by a closed head injury, the impairment rating for this mental disorder from the Nervous System chapter would be __%. The percentage would come from either Table 3, Emotional or Behavioral Impairments (4th ed, 142), or Table 13-8, Criteria for Rating Impairment Due to Emotional or Behavioral Disorders (5th ed, 325). You should realize that whether the percentage of impairment comes from the Nervous System chapter or from the Fourth Edition Mental chapter (using the percentages found in the text), the mildest category of impairment lists a range starting at 0%. Thus, the mildest class of impairment could include a small percentage rating. If the long-term medication is used to control depression- caused side effects, you could grant a 1% to 3 % whole person impairment for the ongoing need for medication and its side effects. There are specific instructions on this matter in Chapter 2 (4th ed, 9; and 5th ed, 20). Leon H. Ensalada, MD

In summary, the Guides 5th ed. does not rate impairment by numerical percentages for Mental and Behavioral Disorders as per Chapter 14. Impairment numbers can be utilized if necessary from prior editions of the Guides. California rates impairment for Mental and Behavioral Disorders by a different methodology than that described by Dr. Ensalada. Psychiatric impairment rating in California is done by a GAF (Global Assessment of Functioning) with conversion into impairment percentages via the California Schedule for Rating Permanent Disabilities, January 2005, Section 1; pages 1-15 and 1-16.

Look for additional articles in this series, The Guides Newsletter – Important Clinical Concepts from Past Issues, in upcoming issues of this Brigham and Associates Ezine.

Read Past Articles Here



Warmest Greetings

As we begin 2007 we are happy to see a year ahead of us with many opportunities to share excellent resources to ensure efficiencies in your use of the Guides.


  • Brigham & Associates Wants Your Opinion
  • Voting Box

    As we prepare for our next series of educational events we would like to hear from you. It is important to know what your training needs are and how we can best meet those needs. With that in mind we would love to get your opinion. Please click on the following link and take a moment to complete a brief survey.

    One respondee will receive a free one year subscription to www.GuidesIQ.com

    Click here to complete survey
  • Efficiencies in Performing Outstanding IME Evaluations
  • Dr. Brigham has many years of experience performing IME evaluations and has determined what works and what does not work in an IME practice. He has created some excellent tools to assist you in preparing your high quality IME reports.

    How would you like to increase efficiencies in your IME report preparation and the value of your report to your clients? You will find that our IME Form Kit will help you accomplish this result.

    This unique, comprehensive system for preparing IME reports empowers you to make the most effective use of your time, enhance dramatically the value and quality of your evaluations, and increase the demand for your premium valued services.

    The system is comprised of:

    • IME Templates (includes instructions and templates in MS Word)
    • IME Examinee Forms
    • Orientation Information and Informed Consent
    • Questionnaire
    • Pain Drawing and Inventories
    • Satisfaction Survey

    In addition to using the IME Form Kit, the IME Index is designed to create a keyword index at the end of your report so your clients can easily search for specific topics within the context of your report. Dr. Brigham has found this to be a integral component to the IME report which is highly valued by the client.

    For More Information Click Here
  • Technology Solutions Workshop
    A Four Part Series
  • Chris - Hawaii

    We have received such positive feedback from our Webinar on Software Solutions for the IME Physician that attendees have asked for much more. Attendees agreed that the information provided was transformational and would result in dramatic improvement in the quality, efficiency and profitability of their practices. At the specific request of the attendees we are offering a unique workshop series providing step-by-step instruction on how to master Microsoft Office to make your practice more successful, more productive, and more profitable.

    This series is limited to a small group of participants and there are specific requirements for attendance. Early registration is highly recommended; based on the response thus far we expect this to be filled to capacity.

    • Do you want to transform your IME practice - achieving new levels of exceptional quality, efficiency and profitability?
    • Do you want to learn techniques and secrets in two months that took twenty years to develop?
    • Are you ready to engage yourself in a process that is capable of providing a multifold return on your nominal investment?

    In terms of these resources most physicians don’t know that they don’t know – as a result they miss opportunities. Most physicians lag behind their clients in the use of technologies. You will learn easily applied “secrets”. Christopher R. Brigham, MD, FAADEP, FACOEM, CIME, one of the nation’s most highly regarded independent medical evaluator (IME) consultants, has a unique background in medicine, IMEs, computer sciences and business development. Although Dr. Brigham is most widely known for his skills in impairment evaluation and his publications in this field, prior to medicine, his background was with computer sciences. You could not have a better mentor in this field. Using Webinar technology you will view his actual computer screen and you will see demonstrated step-by-step approaches.

    The workshop is limited to a small group format; once the group is filled a waiting list will be established. If openings become available others may participate. Throughout the webinars you will be able to speak directly with Dr. Brigham and your colleagues.

    The schedule for this workshop is as follows:

    • March 6th, 5:00 - 7:00 p.m. PST
    • March 20th, 5:00-7:00 p.m. PST
    • April 3rd., 5:00-7:00 p.m. PST
    • April 17th, 5:00-7:00 p.m. PST

    Click Here for Fee & Registration Info
  • AMA Guides 101 is Back
  • Leslie Dilbeck

    Hundreds of people have already taken this web- based series on the Guides. This is a great course for novice impairment raters or as a refresher.

    The Fundamentals is an overview on the use of the AMA Guides, with a focus on principles of impairment evaluation, and assessment of spine, upper extremity, lower extremity, neurological, and pain impairments. The seminar is offered in four convenient two hour sessions, totaling eight hours of superb training. This seminar is designed for physicians, attorneys, and claims staff with minimal or no experience in the use of the Guides. It is also an excellent review for individuals who may have attended an introductory course and desire further review and clarification. Most individuals require two to three learning experiences to grasp the complexities of impairment evaluation.

    The schedule for this series is as follows:

    • Thursday, March 1st 2:00-4:00 p.m. PST:
      Overview, Lower Extremity
    • March 8th 2:00-4:00 p.m. PST:
      Upper Extremity
    • March 15th 2:00-4:00 p.m. PST:
      Spine
    • March 22, 2006 2:00-4:00 p.m. PST:
      Other Chapters & Strategies

    Single Sessions Now Available!

    Register & View Details Here
  • Equipment Necessary for Impairment Examinations
  • Many of you have purchased the Physical Examination Essential DVD. The next step is to ensure that you have the proper tools to do the impairment evaluation properly.

    Did you know that Brigham & Associates has all of the tools seen on the DVD for purchase at www.impairment.com?

    To Purchase Equipment Click Here
  • Chapter Highlights of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition
  • AMA Guides

    Chapter Six: The Digestive System By Aimee Lazell, CIR, WCCP

    This article is the sixth in a series intended to point out a few of the highlights from each chapter of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition (Cocchiarella L, Andersson G, AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition, AMA Press, 2001).

    This article will discuss important points of reference for Chapter Six of the AMA Guides, which addresses the digestive system. Hernias are the most common rated condition referred to in this chapter. Ratings for hernias are most often times rated incorrectly. Hernias are discussed in Section 6.6 of the Guides (5th ed., 136-137). Section 6.6a Criteria for Rating Permanent Impairment Due to Herniation contains Table 6-9 titled the same (5th ed., 136) as shown below:

    As you will see in each Class section above, in order for a hernia to result in permanent impairment there must be a “palpable defect in the supporting structures of the abdominal wall.” That means that if a person elects to undergo repair of their hernia this will likely result in 0% whole person impairment. There is a minimal chance that an operation could fail leaving a palpable defect and could result in permanent impairment. The most important take away from this discussion is that for any hernia rating, whether pre or post operation, in order for there to be any ratable impairment there must be a finding of a palpable defect noted in the physician’s physical examination.

    Watch for the next article in the series, which will highlight sections of Chapter 7 The Urinary and Reproductive System.

    View Past Articles Here
  • Psyche Webinar Series Slated for May
  • Leclairs

    Psychology is a often misunderstood topic in the arena of workers' compensation and disability management. We will be addressing your most pressing issues in our upcoming webinar series in May 2007.

    Your leaders, Drs. Norma and Steve Leclair, are experienced mental health professionals with the unique experience of working both as clinicians and directly with employers, workers’ compensation carriers and disability insurers.

    Stay tuned for more information on what is expected to be one of our most dynamic webinar series of the year.

  • Do You Have a Burning Impairment Rating Question?
  • question mark

    • Do you have an issue that is recurring and unsure of how to handle it?
    • Do you have a quick generalized question regarding impairment assessment?

    Now you can submit your question and receive an answer in a timely manner! (If your question reference a specific case we may refer you to our Impairment Review service, as it is often necessary to review medical records to answer a specific question).

    Submit Your Question Here!
    619-299-7377